A month-by-month schedule for Alabama lawns — when to fertilize, overseed, aerate, apply pre-emergent, mow, and water, keyed to the state's climate and grass types.
Dominant grasses: Bermuda, Zoysia, Centipede, St. Augustine
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Current month
Peak heat and growth. Feed, mow often, water deep, and watch for the first disease and pests.
Mow: Mow frequently
Warm-season grass grows fast in Alabama's June heat. Keep up with it and never remove more than a third of the blade at once.
Water: Deep morning watering
Water 1 inch per week in the early morning so blades dry by midday and dodge the fungal disease the humidity drives.
Rain Bird ESP-TM2 Smart Irrigation Controller (8-Zone) →Alabama is warm-season lawn country, and the calendar runs on the opposite logic from the cool-season North. Bermuda dominates sunny lawns, with zoysia for a denser look, centipede as the low-maintenance favorite on the state's acidic soils, and St. Augustine in shadier and coastal yards. These grasses go dormant and tan over winter, wake up after the spring soil warms, and do all their growing and feeding from late spring through summer — so the work is front-loaded into the warm months.
Two things shape an Alabama lawn. The first is the long, hot, humid growing season, which means heavy summer growth, frequent mowing, and real fungal-disease pressure — large patch in spring and fall, dollar spot in summer. The second is centipede's special status: it's beloved here for needing little fertilizer and tolerating Alabama's acidic, sandy soils, but it's easy to kill with kindness — over-fertilizing or over-liming centipede causes 'centipede decline.' Know which grass you have, because centipede wants a far lighter hand than Bermuda.
The calendar inverts the Northern one: a late-winter and early-spring pre-emergent to stop summer weeds before green-up, a scalp at green-up to clear the dead canopy, heavy feeding and mowing through the summer, and a hard stop on fertilizer in early fall so the grass isn't pushing tender growth into the first frost. Fall pre-emergent handles winter weeds like Poa annua. Time it all to the soil temperature and the grass's dormancy, not to a Northern calendar.
Spring pre-emergent
Late February – March
Alabama's warm soil germinates crabgrass early. Apply before the grass greens up and before soil hits 55°F.
Green-up + scalp
April
Scalp Bermuda and zoysia low to clear the dead winter canopy as they break dormancy.
Feeding season
May – August
Feed warm-season grass through the heat — but go light on centipede to avoid decline.
Stop feeding / fall pre-emergent
Late August – September
Stop nitrogen so the lawn isn't pushing tender growth into frost; apply fall pre-emergent for winter weeds.
Spring
Apply pre-emergent before green-up, then scalp Bermuda and zoysia low to clear the dead canopy. Begin feeding once the grass is fully active.
Summer
Peak growth. Feed (lightly on centipede), mow often and low for Bermuda, water deep, and watch for dollar spot and chinch bugs.
Fall
Stop feeding by early fall so the lawn hardens off for frost. Apply a fall pre-emergent for winter weeds and watch for large patch.
Winter
Dormant and tan. Mow rarely, control winter weeds, and leave the dormant grass alone.
Warm-season grass is dormant and tan statewide. A quiet month — control winter weeds and plan ahead.
Weed Control: Spot winter weeds
Cool-season weeds like Poa annua and henbit show up green against the dormant tan lawn. Spot-treat them now while they're easy to see.
Still dormant, but the soil is warming in the south. Plan the pre-emergent — it goes down before green-up.
Soil Test: Pull a soil test
Alabama's soils are often acidic. A test through your county Extension is essential — especially for centipede, which is easily harmed by the wrong lime or fertilizer.
Apply the spring pre-emergent as the soil warms, before the grass greens up and summer weeds germinate.
Pre-Emergent: Apply crabgrass pre-emergent
Alabama's warm soil germinates crabgrass early. Apply before green-up and before soil hits 55°F. Plan a second application in 8–10 weeks for the long season.
Scotts Turf Builder EdgeGuard DLX Broadcast Spreader →Cleanup: Clean up and dethatch
Rake out winter debris and dethatch lightly. Warm-season lawns benefit most from dethatching just before green-up.
Green-up. Scalp Bermuda and zoysia low to clear the dead canopy and speed the wake-up.
Mow: Scalp Bermuda and zoysia
As they break dormancy, drop the mower one to two notches and bag the clippings to clear the dead brown canopy. Sun reaching the crowns speeds green-up. Don't scalp centipede or St. Augustine hard.
Toro Recycler 22" SmartStow Self-Propelled Mower →Soil Test: Lime per soil test only
Apply lime only if your soil test calls for it. Over-liming acidic-soil centipede is a classic way to cause centipede decline.
The lawn hits full stride. Begin the main feeding season — but go light on centipede. Mow regularly.
Fertilize: Begin warm-season feeding
Bermuda and zoysia are growing hard and ready for nitrogen — this is the start of their main feeding season. Centipede wants only a fraction as much, or it declines.
Scotts Turf Builder EdgeGuard DLX Broadcast Spreader →Mow: Mow low for Bermuda
Bermuda looks best mowed low and often, around 1–1.5 inches. Zoysia a bit higher; centipede and St. Augustine higher still.
Peak heat and growth. Feed, mow often, water deep, and watch for the first disease and pests.
Mow: Mow frequently
Warm-season grass grows fast in Alabama's June heat. Keep up with it and never remove more than a third of the blade at once.
Water: Deep morning watering
Water 1 inch per week in the early morning so blades dry by midday and dodge the fungal disease the humidity drives.
Rain Bird ESP-TM2 Smart Irrigation Controller (8-Zone) →Hot, humid, and growing hard. Keep feeding and mowing, watch for dollar spot and chinch bugs.
Fertilize: Continue feeding
Keep nitrogen coming to Bermuda and zoysia through the heat. Hold centipede to a light hand. Spoon-feed rather than dumping it all at once.
Weed Control: Scout for pests and dollar spot
Dollar spot leaves small straw-colored patches in summer; chinch bugs work sunny, dry St. Augustine. Scout weekly and treat affected zones.
Still hot and growing, but the feeding season is winding down. Last main feeding for most lawns late this month.
Fertilize: Final main feeding
Make your last heavy nitrogen application by late August. Feeding later pushes tender growth that the first frost will burn.
Mow: Keep mowing
Stay on the mowing rhythm through the late-summer growth. A sharp blade matters in the humidity to avoid disease entry.
Growth slows as nights cool. Stop feeding, apply a fall pre-emergent for winter weeds, and watch for large patch.
Pre-Emergent: Fall pre-emergent for winter weeds
Apply a fall pre-emergent in early-to-mid September to suppress Poa annua and other cool-season weeds before they germinate in the dormant lawn.
Scotts Turf Builder EdgeGuard DLX Broadcast Spreader →Weed Control: Watch for large patch
Cooling, wet nights trigger large patch fungus — expanding circular patches in zoysia and St. Augustine. Reduce evening watering to slow it.
The lawn winds down toward dormancy. A potassium-rich fall product can boost winter hardiness; ease off mowing.
Fertilize: Optional potassium feeding
A potassium-only or high-K application (no nitrogen) improves winter hardiness without pushing tender growth. Skip nitrogen entirely now.
Mow: Slow the mowing
Growth is slowing. Raise the cut slightly and mow less often as the grass heads toward dormancy.
The grass goes dormant and tan, the north of the state first. Final cleanup and last mow.
Cleanup: Clear leaves off dormant turf
Even dormant warm-season grass suffers under a packed leaf layer. Keep leaves cleared through the drop.
EGO Power+ 650 CFM Cordless Leaf Blower (LB6504) →Dormant and tan statewide. Control winter weeds, winterize equipment, and leave the lawn alone.
Weed Control: Control winter weeds
Henbit, chickweed, and Poa annua stand out green against the dormant lawn. Spot-treat as needed and winterize the mower.
This calendar tells you when to overseed and reseed. For which grass seed actually thrives in Alabama's climate — variety-by-variety, with climate-matched picks — our partner site Premium Grass Seeds has a dedicated Alabama guide.
See the Alabama grass-seed guide →The spreaders, controllers, seed, and tools that show up most often in the Alabama calendar above — the short list worth owning.
Scotts
The default broadcast spreader recommendation for most homeowners. Especially for lawns with sidewalks, beds, and edges that need spread control.
Scotts
Southern homeowners in zones 7-10 with full-sun yards who want a tough, heat-loving, low-cost lawn.
Pennington
Patient homeowners in zones 6-9 who want the premium feel of Zoysia turf without the cost of sod installation.
Rain Bird
Owners who already have Rain Bird sprinkler heads and valves (most pro installs use Rain Bird), and anyone who prioritizes long-term reliability over app polish.
EGO
Homeowners with serious leaf load (mature trees, large lots) who want backpack-blower performance in a handheld form factor.
From late spring through late summer — May through August — when the warm-season grass is actively growing. Stop nitrogen by late August so the lawn isn't pushing tender growth into the first frost. The big exception is centipede: it needs only a fraction of what Bermuda or zoysia wants, and over-fertilizing it causes 'centipede decline.' Always feed warm-season grass during growth, never during winter dormancy.
It's likely 'centipede decline,' usually caused by too much care, not too little. Centipede is adapted to Alabama's acidic, low-fertility soils and is easily harmed by over-fertilizing, over-liming, or building up thatch. Pull a soil test, feed it sparingly, lime only if the test specifically calls for it, and keep the thatch down. Treating centipede like Bermuda is the fastest way to kill it.
In April, as the Bermuda or zoysia breaks dormancy and starts to green up. Drop the mower one or two notches and bag the clippings to clear the dead brown winter canopy. That lets sunlight reach the crowns and speeds the green-up. Don't scalp centipede or St. Augustine hard — they don't tolerate it the way Bermuda does.
Twice a year. Apply a spring pre-emergent in late February through March — before the lawn greens up and before soil temperatures hit 55°F — to stop crabgrass and summer weeds, with a second application 8 to 10 weeks later for the long season. Then apply a fall pre-emergent in September to suppress Poa annua and other winter weeds in the dormant lawn.
Alabama is in the warm-season south group. These states follow similar seasonal logic, though local soil, elevation, and weather still matter.
Calendars are general regional guidance for The Lawn Report. Local microclimates, soil, and current weather always come first.